Experimental Cinem The Experimental Film Movement

From the beginning of film filmmakers were using the platform to tell people stories, so that people could go be entertained and lose themselves in the experience of seeing the film. Though this form of filmmaking was entertaining for most people, some filmmakers wanted to break this tradition and expand filmmaking into a completely different way. Instead of making the same old narrative films, like classical Hollywood, they want to make more abstract and complex films, they wanted to make films as more of an art-form. Instead of relying on actors and writes to tell a narrative story, these filmmakers wanted to change things up and make films that went against the norms of the Hollywood cinema. They wanted to experiment with different methods of filming, more imaginative and inventive forms. They also wanted their films to have meanings and express what they, the artist, were feeling and how they viewed the world. From this a new film movement was born, the experimental film movement . Experimental cinema first emerged in the early 1900s â€Å"out of a wider social movements to speak of silenced or dissident voices† (Rees, 2011). During these time filmmakers were getting tired of the tradition methods of making films and wanted to go against the norms. Experimental filmmakers would make their films â€Å"outside the film industry† (Thompson and Bordwell, 2009) by producing the funds for the film themselves so that they didn’t have to abide by the rules of the big studios. Instead of

History of the Propeller - 1574 Words

The aircraft propeller looks like a simple mechanism to the uneducated individual. To the educated, an aircraft propeller represents the highest sophistication in aerodynamics, mechanical engineering and structural design. This report will touch on the history of the propeller, from early pioneers/experiments, advancement during/after the war, all the way up to current applications of the propeller. The creation of the propeller can be traced back to Leonardo da Vinci. Da Vinci’s â€Å"helical screw† helicopter is believed to be the ancestor of the air propeller and the helicopter rotor. The first idea of a propulsive airscrew, however, belongs to J.P. Paucton, a French mathematician. Paucton envisioned a flying machine that had two†¦show more content†¦This dilemma made designing the propeller one of the Wright brothers most challenging problems. Despite the lack of previous information to consult, the brothers were able to learn, through investigation and trial/error, that large propeller diameters would produce high thrust for a given power input. The brothers also determined that high torque produced by large, slow turning blades adversely affected the flying qualities (p-factor). On their first aircraft, they utilized 8  ½ ft propellers installed behind the wind to minimize airflow disturbance, incorporated counter-rotating propellers to eliminate t he problems associated with torque, and gained thrust efficiency by reducing the blades’ rotational speed using a chain and sprocket transmission. The Wright brother’s propeller was 66% efficient which was much higher that any other propeller of the time. The foundations of a disciplined approach to propeller design evolved soon thereafter. With the advancements and refinements made by early inventors, engineers could use those test results to design propellers with better performance and structural reliability. These advancements led to the development of the first generation of well-designed propellers. One of the first designs was the â€Å"Integrale†, developed by Lucien Chauviere, the world’s first industry standard propeller manufacturer. By 1910, the number of propeller producers multiplied, and numerousShow MoreRelatedSpeech: History of Bmw999 Words   |  4 Pagestrust in a company that has a long and successful history. This being said, BMWâ₠¬â„¢s heritage and branding plays a significant role in their success; they have one of the world s most recognized and revered commercial symbols. Thesis: Today I’d like to share with you some history behind the BMW brand. Logical Orientation: I’m going to share with you a little of BMW’s heritage, and how their brand symbol (the roundel) came to be. 1. a. BMW’s history stretches out almost a century; it’s important toRead MoreLiterature Review : History Of The Swamp Boat1323 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature Review: History of the swamp boat: The first swamp boat, also known as an airboat or fanboat was built in 1905 in Canada by a team led by Alexander Graham Bell. The classic design of a swamp boat consists of a flat bottomed hull powered by an aircraft or car engine driving an aircraft propeller. They are a popular means for fishing, hunting and touring the environment in the southern states of America. Hull Design: The classic swamp boat design utilizes a flat bottom hull with an inclinedRead MoreEssay Electric Powered Aircraft1148 Words   |  5 Pagesefficient during cruising altitudes and use only the battery and electric motor to provide the extra power needed for takeoff and climbing, in addition the battery can recover the energy from the small fuel driven engine during descent when the propellers spin a generator to produce electric power to charge the batteries. The recent grown in motivation for the study and developing of alternative propulsion systems is in great part of the clearly growth of the air transportation industry and thisRead MoreAerodynamics of Planes Essay1639 Words   |  7 Pagesof my paper is to give me more insight on my future career as an aeronautical engineer. This paper was also to give me ideas of the physics of flight and be to apply those physics of flight to compete in a high school competition. History of Flight The history of flying dates back as early as the fifteenth century. A Renaissance man named Leonardo da Vinci introduced a flying machine known as the ornithopter. Da Vinci proposed the idea of a machine that had bird like flying capabilities. Read MoreAccident Investigation Analysis And Findings Essay1030 Words   |  5 Pageswhen an engine failure occurs (National Transportation Safety Board, 2012). As a failed engine is being shut down, the auto-feather system automatically rotates the propeller blades to zero degree angle of attack which reduces drag over the disabled engine. Additionally, the system energizes a relay that prevents the opposite propeller on a functioning engine from accidently being feathered during an engine shutdown emergency (National Transportation Safety Board, 2012). The third factor contributingRead MoreEssay about The Fokker Eindecker During World War One1237 Words   |  5 Pagesattached to its propellers. Fokker went above and beyond the German’s request by creating a more reliable aircraft that wouldn’t allow the propellers to be damaged by the gun.6 What made Fokker’s E-series revolutionary was the synchronized machine gun attached to the propellers. The gun attached to the French plane had metal plates to protect it from the bullets but Fokker realized that they were not one hundred percent protected. By devising a synchronizing machine gun with the propeller, there wouldRead MoreIn The Late 1890S They Would Begin To Experiment With Gliders1476 Words   |  6 Pagesfor their mechanical flyer to eventually come to creation. They figured a propeller system like ones used on boats would be the next step. They theorized the propels had to be tapered like the wings if they were going to work correctly. Others now thought flat wings were they did little to power the craft. Once again keeping up with the common theme, the Wright brothers were way ahead of their time. The idea of propellers had been proposed but with their knack for problem solving figured out theRead MoreThe Wright Brothers Essay1380 Words   |  6 Pagesthings, a very resourceful woman. The same year that the Wrights moved to Cedar Rapids Milton returned home from one of his journeys with a gift for his two youngest sons. The gift was a toy helicopter made of bamboo, cork, and paper. â€Å"The twin propellers on the helicopter were activated by a twisted rubber band, a type of propulsion popularized by a young Frenchman named Alphonse Penaud.† (Howard, 1987,1998, p. 18) The gift that Wilbur and Orville’s father gave to them was not only a small toy helicopterRead MoreThe World Of The Redemptora Construction1008 Words   |  5 Pages notwithstanding new technological changes on the horizon caused by a crescent industri alism. By this time new experiments with auxiliary propulsion of ships had already been carried out for many years and resulted in improved steam engines and propellers. Both steam and sailing ships were subjected to improvements and innovative construction methods, such as composite hulls (of which the Cutty Sark is a famous example), and later iron/steel. Although steamships had already been present in sea transportationRead MoreThe Vietnam War : A Close Family Friend Of Mine, By The Name Of Federico1527 Words   |  7 PagesAdrian Jaimes 11/30/15 C-Block U.S History Mr. Morgan Recollection of Vietnam War A close family friend of mine, by the name of Federico â€Å"Fred† Garcia recounts his experience and memories of the Vietnam War era. Fred was born on September 11th, 1949 in Mission, Texas. He attended all four years of high school and two years of college before making his decision to join the United States Air Force, at the age of twenty one. He began his service to the Air Force on June 8th, 1970 until January

Is Medical Marijuana a Good Thing Free Essays

string(40) " rate and it contains many carcinogens\." Is Medical Marijuana a good thing? Medical Cannabis or as most know it, Medical Marijuana, is parts of the herb cannabis used as a doctor- recommended form of medicine. It also refers to synthetic forms of cannabinoids, which are a class of diverse chemical compounds that activate cell membrane receptors, like Tetrehydrocannabinol (THC), which is why it is recommended from doctors as well. THC is the psychoactive drug in Medical Cannabis that works with the central nervous and immune system to help reduce pain seen in different medical issues, like cancer patients or patients with AIDS. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Medical Marijuana a Good Thing? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Medical Cannabis is illegal in most countries. In the United States, federal law outlaws, all use of herb parts from Cannabis, while some states have approved use of herb parts from Cannabis as medical cannabis in conflict with federal law. The United States Supreme Court ruled that the federal government has a right to regulate and criminalize cannabis, even for medical purposes. A person can therefore be prosecuted for a cannabis-related crime. Medical Cannabis has been known to be used as a good thing as well, like to alleviate pain. Medical Marijuana is looked at from many perspectives, for example, physicians, medical organizations, and even government officials. They all have different views. Some think it is a good thing and others bad. It is also looked at as health risks and treatment options as well. Some people support medical marijuana because it helps with pain when dealing with certain diseases like HIV/AIDS or cancer. One supporting factor of medical marijuana comes from the, â€Å"Medicinal and Recreational Marijuana Use by Patients Infected with HIV†. There are many types of cannabis but the most commonly used for medicinal purposes are hybrids of Cannabis sativa and Cannabis indicia, which are believed to produce differing therapeutic effects (215-216). Bendayan says, â€Å"Marijuana has been used for its medicinal properties for thousands of years in a wide variety of condition. Physicians in ancient China used Marijuana to control pain in childbirth, as well as for constipation and appetite stimulation† (222). It has also been used for the treatment of chronic pain, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, mood disorders, and much more. It has been suggested that persons with HIV/AIDS are the largest group of medical marijuana users in both Canada and the United States. A study was done and it showed, as compared with placebo, marijuana and Dronabinol, a pill form of THC, dose increased daily caloric intake and body weight in HIV positive medical marijuana users. It also showed an improved ration of sleep within the patient as well. Another study was shown in the article, â€Å"Is marijuana medicinal? † Donald Abrams pronounces, â€Å"We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled study of cannabis for patients with HIV-related peripheral neuropathy at San Francisco General Hospital because preclinical studies and anecdotal patient reports said it was helpful† (38). After a 2-day run-in period, patients were to smoke cannabis or placebo three times a day for 5 days. Among 50 patients who completed the study, neuropathic pain decreased by about 34% with cannabis versus 17% with placebo. This plainly shows that smoking medical marijuana helps with pain. Another reason some people support medical marijuana is it isn’t a hard drug like most think it is and the Federal Government should not be involved. This Magazine discusses in the article, â€Å"High time a change: legendary pro-pot lawyer Alan Young prepared to fight the feds’ drug laws yet again†, how marijuana is not harmless as the federal government makes it out to be. He thinks that, â€Å"marijuana is relatively harmless compared to the so-called hard drugs, and including tobacco and alcohol† (Consiglio 6). He convinced the courts that prohibiting pot was unconstitutional for patients under medical supervision. Young also believes that if the Bill C-15 is passed, which states that if Canadians get caught with more than five marijuana plants then you shall be sentences for six months. Young strongly disagrees and thinks that they are trying to use the law to solve every problem. He makes a plan with three steps included. â€Å"First, he plans to strike down MMAR seed policies preventing patients from purchasing anything other than a single, domestic strain. Then, he’ll fight to increase the grower-patient ratio (it’s currently one-to-two). Lastly, and for Young most importantly, he plans to create an impediment for raids of authorized grows by requiting an initial Health Canada inspection† (Consiglio 6). He accepts that the bill will be upheld. He wants to help people that actually use marijuana correctly to be able to without the law being in the way. Philippines Daily Inquirer says â€Å"Advocates of medicinal marijuana, however, claim the weed is safer and has fewer side effects than pharmaceuticals† (â€Å"Drugs Body†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). In Canada, where medicinal marijuana is legal; the herb is reportedly being prescribed for relief of pain or persistent muscle spasms. Marijuana’s highs and lows were both shown on medical marijuana. â€Å"Proponents for legalizing arijuana tout its pain-relieving benefits and use by cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiation treatments; opponents stress that science has yet to prove the drug is safe† (CNN Wire). Six thousand studies have been shown about the cannabis plant, according to NORML, which is an organization that believes marijuana should be legalized. â€Å"Our bodies make natural cannabinoids, or active ch emicals that cause drug-like effects through the body, according to the National Cancer Institute. The main psychoactive ingredient in marijuana — delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC — works in the same way as these natural chemicals†. Also another study was done with Type II diabetes; cannabis lowers the risk of having diabetes because of its anti-inflammatory properties. Men’s Health Magazine discusses, â€Å"how the active ingredient in pot may potentially prevent heart attacks. Harvard researchers pumped mice with cholesterol for 11 weeks, and then gave them low doses of THC† (â€Å"Pot Luck† 44). THC reduced inflammation in the rodents’ blood vessels. On the other hand, The National Drug Abuse says that marijuana can put users at risk for heart attack or stroke because it increases you heart rate and it contains many carcinogens. You read "Is Medical Marijuana a Good Thing?" in category "Papers" Other researchers found that it cause people, especially teens to lose IQ points. â€Å"Adults who had smoked as teens tended to show more pronounced deficits in memory, concentration, and overall brainpower in relation to their peers† (CNN Wire). Mostly, marijuana is smoked for medical purposes or to take away stress. The good thing is, it’s at a low rate for addiction, and no possible overdoses have ever been reported. Some people oppose marijuana because they say it increases pain. â€Å"Medical News Today reported on a study that found that active ingredients such as those in marijuana tend to prolong pain. Medical News Today noted that this was surprising since marijuana often said to relieve pain. Researchers said that marijuana many be useful in some situations but conclude that it should be used with great care for pain relief in light of the study† (â€Å"Marijuana Use†). Also an experiment was done with rodents and human, explained in the issue of Science, which propose that these â€Å"endocannabinoids†, which are made in the human body from smoking medical marijuana can actually prolong pain rather than relieve it. Researchers recruited human volunteers to determine whether a compound that blocked endocannabinoid receptors would have an effect on the increased sensitivity to pain (hypergalesia) and tendency for normally non-painful stimuli to induce pain (allodynia) often reported in areas of the body near where acute pain has been inflicted† (â€Å"Marijuana Use†). The volunteers did not show reduction in perceived pain but has less hyperalgesia and allodynia. The results matched up well with the endocannabinoid hypothesis very well. Models showed that cannabinoids over-activating the pain system and it just doesn’t seem like a good idea to further increase this effect. Another reason people oppose medical marijuana is because it is based on science and politics. They also confirm that it has no medical use. â€Å"The FDA’s Opposition to Medical Marijuana Legalization Is Based on Science†, an article that was written about how marijuana has no medical use and it should be outlawed. The Drug-Free Action Alliance states, â€Å"Different organizations argue that marijuana should be evaluated for use in the same scientific manner as any other substance. The viewpoint states that at the moment evidence indicates that marijuana has no medical use. However, the organizations argue that marijuana should not be legalized through voter or legislative initiative, because such initiatives are not scientific†. A lot of places including the American Medical Association (AMA), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and even the American Cancer Society does not support smoked marijuana as medicine. The AMA believes that there should be more research into any therapeutic benefits of cannabinoids-based medicines. Medical organizations believe that safer treatments exist. For example, Marinol, which is taken orally, and it’s a synthetic version of THC. It is also available in all fifty states. â€Å"The U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is the sole federal agency that approves drug products as safe and effective for intended indications†. â€Å"Marijuana is listed in schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act (CSA), the most restrictive schedule. The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), which administers the CSA, continues to support that placement, and FDA concurred because marijuana met the three criteria for placement in schedule I under 21 U. S. C. 12(b) (1) (e. g. , marijuana has a high potential for abuse, has no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States, and has a lack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision)† (â€Å"Drug-Free.. †). There are alternative approved medications for treatment of the purposes of smoked marijuana. In the article, The FDA’s Opposition to Medical Marijuana Legalization Is Based on Politics reports that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a statement declaring that marijuana has no safe medical uses. Sidney Spiesel says â€Å"that this statement is not based on science. The best evidence, Spiesel argues, suggests that marijuana may have medical uses but that further study is needed. Spiesel contends, however, that the government has blocked marijuana research. He concludes that the FDA’s statement is based on politics, and he calls into question the objectivity of government science. † In both cases the FDA does not approve medical marijuana; it is clearly blames on both science and politics. My opinion of medical cannabis is I believe that it should be used for medical purposes because I consider that it could possibly alleviate pain. A doctor or provider should keep a check on how much is smoked by the user. They should also have random checks of the patient and how intense their pain is. I believe that your prescription should be taken away if you are caught selling it or abusing the drug. I know that marijuana makes people sleep well and have a hardy appetite and should be given for the right purposes, like anorexia. I think if we got rid of Marijuana, people would be doing harder drugs that could possibly turn into an addiction for them and may cause more deaths from overdose. I feel that there are more supporting views when it comes to using marijuana medically. In conclusion, medicinal marijuana has many supporting and opposing views. The analysis conclude that medical marijuana can increase or decrease pain or should the federal government and FDA be involved or not. All of the outlooks have many supporting details as well. Medical marijuana is politically, medically, and scientifically viewed and different matters are discussed and laws are being made about this issue. Works Cited Abrams, Donald I. , and Jodie Trafton. â€Å"Is marijuana medicinal? † Internal Medicine News 15 Apr. 2012: 38. Academic OneFile. Web. 28 Nov. 2012. Consiglio, Alex. â€Å"High time a change: legendary pro-pot lawyer Alan Young prepares to fight the feds’ drug laws yet again. † This Magazine May-June 2010: 6. Academic OneFile. Web. 26 Nov. 2012. Drug-Free Action Alliance and Alcohol and Drug Abuse Prevention Association of Ohio. â€Å"The FDA’s Opposition to Medical Marijuana Legalization Is Based on Science. † Marijuana. Ed. Noah Berlatsky. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2012. Opposing Viewpoints. Rpt. from â€Å"Marijuana as Medicine. † 2011. Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 26 Nov. 2012. Drugs body says no to legalizing marijuana. † Philippines Daily Inquirer [Makati City, Philippines] 14 Nov. 2012. Health Reference Center Academic. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. â€Å"Highs and lows of using marijuana. † CNN Wire 7 Nov. 2012. Academic OneFile. Web. 26 Nov. 2012. â€Å"Marijuana Use Can Increase Pain. † Marijuana. Ed. Noah Berlat sky. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2012. Opposing Viewpoints. Rpt. from â€Å"Discovery That Active Ingredient in Marijuana Spread and Prolong Pain Has Implications for Medical Use of Drug and Concepts of Chronic Pain. † Medical News Today. 2009. Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 26 Nov. 012. â€Å"Pot luck. † Men’s Health July-Aug. 2005: 44. Academic OneFile. Web. 28 Nov. 2012. R Bendayan, et al. â€Å"Medicinal And Recreational Marijuana Use By Patients Infected With HIV. † AIDS Patient Care ; Stds 18. 4 (2004): 215-228. CINAHL with Full Text. Web. 26 Nov. 2012 Spiesel, Sydney. â€Å"The FDA’s Opposition to Medical Marijuana Legalization Is Based on Politics. † Marijuana. Ed. Noah Berlatsky. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2012. Opposing Viewpoints. Rpt. from â€Å"All Smoke: The FDA’s Statement on Medical Marijuana Isn’t About Science. † Slate. 2006. Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 28 Nov. 2012. How to cite Is Medical Marijuana a Good Thing?, Papers

Conversation of the Three Renowned Companies-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Conversation of the three renowned companies, Amazon, Starbucks and MacDonalds. Answer: Introduction: The report aims to discuss the interview taken to three famous entrepreneurs of the world and discover their strategies. It describes the companies and their products and services in brief. The report summarises chief findings of the operations of the companies and compares as well as contrasts with one another. It also discusses most influencing factors for these companies and how the chiefs implement their strategies to overcome the limitations. Finally, the report concludes with a reflection that analyses the effect of this interview on the interviewer. Description of companies: In this interview, a lengthy conversation has been conducted with Jeff Bezos,the founder and CEO of the worlds largest online retailer Amazon, Steve Easterbrook the President and Chief Executive Officer of McDonalds andexecutive chairman of Starbucks Howard Schultz.The interviews have been conducted through the Business Link Meetup in 2nd February of 2018, as well as skype meeting. Amazon.comis an Americanelectronic commerceandcloud computingcompany based inWashingtonthat was founded byJeff Bezosin 1994 (Amazon.com, 2018). This tech giant is the largestInternet retailerin the world as measured bymarket capitalization and revenue. It operates in more than 120 countries globally and is the most valuable retailersurpassing Walmart. Starbucks Corporation is an eminent coffee chain in America now operating internationally (Starbucks.in, 2018). This company has been considered to be the chief representation of the second wave coffee by discriminating itself from all other coffee serving brands in the USA. This brand is characterised to be different from others by quality of service and taste as well asproviding a unique customer experience. McDonald'sis afast foodcompany established by Ray Kroc. It is the world's largestrestaurant chainby revenue that serves over 69 million consumers everydayover 100countries (Corporate.mcdonalds.com, 2018). Its revenues come from royalties, rentand fees paid by its franchisees and sales in direct company-operated restaurants. Summary of the interview: Amazon follows generic corporate strategy that can be described as the concentric diversification.It is based on proper utilization of technological capabilities for their business success as well as following the cost leadership policy. It aims at proposing maximum value for the customers at lowest price. Starbucks use positioning strategy that makes sure that the company chooses right as well as convenient location for target audience. This is the reason why one can find Starbucks on each corner of some crossroads. Another strategy is to product line along with differentiation that talks of the innovative strategy of entrepreneurship. Macdonalds use porters five forces in value chain analysis to gain more competitive advantage. It uses its brand name ad strength of its suppliers to penetrate international markets. Amazon wraps its business round the consumers wherein they find Amazon to be the go-to portal for their online shopping needs. The company is greatly influenced by technological environment therefore takes specific measures to implement their strategy by providing steep discounts for their regular members through Amazon Prime program, by ensuring in time and express delivery including other support to their customers as they strategies focusing the customer satisfaction. By creating new drinks Starbucks wants to bombard their customers with choices as well as different flavours. They implement their strategies by strategic pricing. McDonald competes in the foreign market as well as internal forces which are inside the business in order to gain the maximum profitability. It implements its strategies through best products which has made the company not only the biggest but also the finest food chain industry globally. These processes of each of the companies are formal enough to meet t he goals of the company. Despite these companies feel limitations in their internal resources sometimes yet their profit shows their success. Amazon believes that an important measure of their successful strategy will be the value of shareholders that they create over a long term. On the other hand, Starbucks measures it strategic success in employee accomplishments and customer satisfaction. Moreover, the success of McDonalds could be measured through its growth. Reflection of learning: Before interviewing these three eminent entrepreneurs who have transformed their business from a very small initiative, I used to think they must have analysed the strategies to support growth, finance and innovation. These would have created scope for their competitive advantage hence they have flourished. After I had a lengthy conversation with these entrepreneurs, I have come to know that for an entrepreneur, it is essential to have a vision that help them to create loyal network, proper harvesting in the markets and strategies to fulfil their mission. Despite the fact that different entrepreneurs followdifferentstrategies to progress their business yet all of these three entrepreneurs focused on the strategies of internationalisation of their firms as they were had a complete belief in themselves. All the strategies of these three firms revolve round the customer expectations as well as satisfaction. However, each of them has different focal point for example, the strategies that Amazon follows are largely driven by its sources of competitive advantage by progressing the technology, objectifying the advantages of economies of scale and utilising the competencies from synergies between the external and internal drivers. For MacDonalds plan isto make their food available to the customers at the lowest competitive price nevertheless to gain profit by reducing cost of the products as well as expanding the trade internationally. However, I was amazed to find out that all these three companies have a magnificentbrand value as well as loyalty world-wide yet all of them followapproaches such as porters generic theories of competitive advantage, cost leadership,resource based and opportunity based theories of entrepreneurship. Self-reflection: This interview with these three entrepreneurs has proved to be very useful for me because in this process I have learnt that in order to start and run the business successfully one needs to amalgamate theories and practicalities perfectly. This time I was quite stuck with the preparedquestions but next time I will prepare myself to ask about the negative issues that the entrepreneurs faced in their business and how they overcome those hurdles. I have to be confident to ask them how they manage all types of customer as well as employee feedback to enhance the product and service quality. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that all these companies started from a small initiative but have reached the pinnacle of success. Thus it can be said that all of them have followed some approaches of successfulentrepreneurship. Each of the companies have centred round the customer expectations. Hence, used different theories according to theirrequirements. References: Amazon.com. (2018).About Amazon.Amazon.com. Retrieved 21 February 2018, from https://www.amazon.com/p/feature/rzekmvyjojcp6uc Corporate.mcdonalds.com. (2018).Company Overview | McDonald's.Corporate.mcdonalds.com. Retrieved 21 February 2018, from https://corporate.mcdonalds.com/corpmcd/investors-relations/company-profile.html Starbucks.in. (2018).About Us | Starbucks Coffee Company.Starbucks Coffee Company. Retrieved 21 February 2018, from https://www.starbucks.in/about-us

Photography And Fact Essays - Journalism, Guggenheim Fellows

Photography And Fact Photography and Fact For many years photography has been used to document the most significant of events, whether they affect an entire society, like a war, or a specific persons' life, such as a wedding. The reason that photography is used for such occasions instead of painting, drawing or sculpting is quite simple. It is because photography is the most remarkable of the fine arts. Other forms of art, are aesthetically pleasing and important in their own rite, but photography is so monumental because of the power that only it possesses. This is the power to depict fact. One aspect that makes photography so creditable is that it can show feeling and emotion so much more vividly and doubtlessly than a drawing can. For instance, during the Great Depression the harsh realities were recorded thanks to the initiative of the Farm Security Administration (Daval, 186). At this time, Dorothea Lange documented the bitter poverty of migrant workers and their families (20th Century Photography, 1). These images, such as Migrant Mother and Cotton Picker near Firebrough, show, so clearly and almost effortlessly, the pain and despair that was occurring too frequently at this time. There is a loss of hope that is so clear and evident in these photographs from the longing in the eyes of the images shown. Such raw emotion is hard to come by in any other art form. Another reason photography is more trustworthy than other forms of art, is because the image that appears in a photograph, whether it is of a person or an event, has at one point existed or happened. This statement does not always hold true for paintings, sculptures, and drawings. It is simple and usual for an artist to conjure up an image of a person that has never existed and turn them into a work of art. For example, there has been a great deal of speculation about whether or not Leonardo Da Vinci's Mona Lisa is a portrait of a real person. Before the relatively recent technological advances, it was not possible to have a picture of a person or an incident that was fictitious. A further example that photography is perceived as more realistic than other methods of art, is that it is possible for an artist to elaborate, emphasize, erase, or even completely change an image that they are trying to capture. Once again, preceding modern advances, this was not possible for a photographer to do. Based on this, and the preceding statement, throughout history viewers have been able to trust that the images they were seeing were genuine, and therefore were able to trust the realism of photographs. Over the years, photography came to be depended on for its ability to show factual images for the reasons stated earlier. Proof of this statement, is the great demand for photographs in magazines and newspapers. The newspaper and newsmagazine depended on his (a professional photo-reporter's) pictures, even more than on the written word. They were an international language of communication, the one language needing no translation (Daval, 190). The rise of photojournalism made the public even more believing of photography and the status of the photograph: from a document before, it now became evidence, irrefutable proof (Daval, 173). Bibliography Bibliography Daval, Jean-Luc. Photography: History of an Art . New York: Rizzoli International Publications Inc. , 1982. 20th Century Photography: http://www.masters-of- photography. com/L/lange/lange_articles1.html Dorothea Lange Photographs. http://www.masters-of-photography. com/L/lange/lange_migrant_mother_full.html Arts and Painting

Joe Biden, Former Vice President of the United States

Joe Biden, Former Vice President of the United States Joe Biden (born Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. on Nov. 20, 1942) is an American politician who represented Delaware in the U.S. Senate for 36 years and ran twice unsuccessfully for the Democratic Partys presidential nomination before being elected vice president in 2008 under Barack Obama. Bidens signature legislative accomplishment is the Violence Against Women Act of 1994, which stepped up prosecution of domestic and sexual violence and enhanced services for victims. Biden is also known for both his oddball sense of humor and his stoic endurance of the tragic deaths of his first wife and two of his children. Fast Facts: Joseph Biden Known For: Vice president of the United States.Born: Nov. 20, 1942, in Scranton, Pennsylvania, USA.Parents: Catherine Eugenia Finnegan Biden and Joseph Robinette Biden Sr.Education: University of Delaware (B.A., history and political science) and Syracuse Law School.Key Accomplishment: The Violence Against Women Act, landmark legislation signed into law in 1994 protecting women from domestic violence and sexual assault.  Spouse: Jill Jacobs Biden, Neilia Biden (deceased).Children: Ashley Jacobs, Hunter Biden, Naomi Amy Biden (deceased), and Joseph Beau Biden III (deceased).Famous Quote: If you do politics the right way, I believe, you can actually make peoples lives better. And integrity is the minimum ante to get into the game. Early Life Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania, on Nov. 20, 1942, the oldest of four children to Joseph Robinette Biden Sr., a down-on-his-luck used-car salesman, and Catherine Eugenia Finnegan Biden, who was so protective of her firstborn that she told the would-be vice president at a young age: No one is better than you. Everyone is your equal, and everyone is equal to you. Biden, writing in his autobiography Promises to Keep: On Life and Politics, said his mother confronted a seventh-grade nun at the Catholic prep school Archmere Academy who mocked her son for stuttering. If you ever speak to my son like that again, Ill come back and rip that bonnet off your head. Do you understand me? Biden recalled of his mother. Bidens parents moved the family from northern Pennsylvania to Claymont, Delaware, in 1953. He graduated from Archmere Academy in 1961 and entered the University of Delaware. He graduated in 1965 with a double major in political science and history and entered the Syracuse University School of Law. Family Tragedy Ends First Marriage Biden got married in August 1966, before graduating from law school. He had met his first wife, Neilia Hunter, during spring break in the Bahamas. Biden earned his law degree in 1968 and began work as a public defender in Wilmington, Delaware. He also launched his career in politics, winning a seat on the New Castle Town Council at age 28. But he had much greater aspirations. 12/13/1978- Washington, DC: Closeups of senator-elect Joseph Biden, Jr., (D-DE) in his office. Bettmann Archive / Getty Images Biden took on his home-state senator, Republican J. Caleb Boggs, in the 1972 election and won, making him one of the youngest people to win election to the U.S. Senate, at age 29. The following month, Bidens wife and infant daughter Amy were killed when a tractor-trailer struck their station wagon in Hockessin, Delaware. Two other children, Hunter and Beau, were seriously injured but survived. (Beau Biden died at age 46 in 2015 from a rare form of brain cancer.) Biden nearly gave up his political career after the deaths of his wife and daughter but decided instead to take his seat in Washington, D.C.- and return home to Wilmington on the train almost every night after working in the Senate. I did it because I wanted to be able to kiss them goodnight and kiss them in the morning the next day. ... I came to realize that a child can hold an important thought, something they want to say to their mom and dad, maybe for 12 or 24 hours, and then it’s gone. And when it’s gone, it’s gone. And it all adds up. But looking back on it, the truth be told, the real reason I went home every night was that I needed my children more than they needed me. Complicated Legacy in the Senate Bidens most significant legislative achievement was President Bill Clintons signature in 1994 on the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act, which included the Violence Against Women Act authored by the senator in 1990. The law provided more services for victims of abuse, doubled penalties for repeat sex offenders, and allowed for the prosecution of stalking. Biden has credited the measures for leading to a steep decline in domestic violence. But that same legislation has since come under fire from advocates seeking to reform the criminal justice system, who point to the laws significant negative consequences- mass incarcerations, particularly among the African-American population. The 1994 law targeted gangs, spent nearly $10 billion on new prisons, and slapped repeat violent offenders with life sentences. Clarence Thomas (C) facing Sen. Judiciary Comm. on 1st day of confirmation hrgs. w. wife Virginia (seated behind wearing flowered dress). The LIFE Images Collection/Getty Images / Getty Images Biden also came under fire as chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee for his handling of the 1991 confirmation hearings for U.S. Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas. Thomas had been accused by law professor Anita Hill of inappropriate sexual behavior, and Biden endured strong criticism for his failure to stop Thomas supporters from attacking her during her testimony. To this day I regret I couldnt come up with a way to get her the kind of hearing she deserved, given the courage she showed by reaching out to us, Biden said in 2019. She paid a terrible price- she was abused through the hearing, she was taken advantage of, her reputation was attacked. I wish I couldve done something. Biden has also been portrayed by critics as being in the pocket of the financial services industry and credit card companies, many of whom have headquarters in Wilmington, Delaware. One of those companies, MBNA, had been Bidens largest campaign contributor, and Biden had been supportive of legislation that made it more difficult for borrowers to claim certain protections when filing bankruptcy. Meanwhile, he was portrayed as too cozy with wealthy bankers; he once said about the faltering economy: â€Å"I don’t think 500 billionaires are the reason we’re in trouble. I get into a lot of trouble with my party when I say that wealthy Americans are just as patriotic as poor folks.† Campaigns for President Derailed Biden twice sought the Democratic presidential nomination, and he failed both times. The first attempt, in 1987, ended in a train wreck, as he put it, after he was accused of plagiarism. Biden was forced to publicly acknowledge plagiarizing another authors work. He said he used five pages from a published law review article without quotation or attribution in a paper he claimed to have written as a first-year student at the Syracuse University College of Law, according to a faculty report on the incident issued at the time. Biden quit the race. Sen. Joseph R. Biden Jr. standing with his family after announcing his candidacy for the Democratic presidential nomination. The LIFE Images Collection/Getty Images / Getty Images Biden launched his second bid for the Democratic presidential nomination in 2007. The crowded field of candidates included U.S. Senators Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton, the former first lady. Biden dropped out of the race in January 2008 after placing fifth in the Iowa caucuses. Obamas Running Mate and Vice President Obama tapped Biden to be his running mate in August 2008, a move that helped the inexperienced senator from Illinois win the presidency. Biden was seen as the wise elder statesman, a stark contrast to the inexperienced Republican vice presidential nominee that year, Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin. Obama won the election and served two terms in office. Biden served as his vice president all eight years. The former senator from Delaware became Obamas most trusted adviser and helped the president form his administrations position in support of same-sex marriage, among many other key issues. Sources â€Å"Vice President Joe Biden.†Ã‚  National Archives and Records Administration, National Archives and Records Administration, obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/vp.Broder, John M. â€Å"Fathers Tough Life an Inspiration for Biden.†Ã‚  The New York Times, The New York Times, 23 Oct. 2008, www.nytimes.com/2008/10/24/us/politics/24biden.html.Dart, Bob. â€Å"Bidens Met, Forged Life Together after Tragedy.†Ã‚  OrlandoSentinel.com, 12 Oct. 2018, www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-2008-10-24-a3bidenwife24-story.html.

Define Critical Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Define Critical Thinking - Essay Example Such data is collected through knowledge, experiences, perception, and observation. After the data has been collected, the individual engages the mind in an attempt to make the data useful to formulate a solution. Such a process defines critical thinking. Therefore, critical thinking represents the logical connection of the available resources (ideas) to formulate the desired outcome. Just as necessity is the mother of invention, critical thinking is responsible for the decisions made on a daily basis. The importance of critical thinking lies on the different situations that individuals encounter. The sole reason why people think critically is to formulate the desired result. In most cases, the desired result is always a positive result. For example, it is imperative to think critically of how to connect with the audience during a speech presentation, play, or musical. In such cases, the presenter (s) cannot predict the reaction from the audience, but they can think through ideas on how to make the audience attached to the piece

No Silver Bullet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

No Silver Bullet - Essay Example nform, not because it is new in the market, or perceived by many to be the most conformable, but because conformation is based on other systems and interfaces, which cannot be, in any circumstances be simplified through redesign. Additionally, when software conforms to complexities and needs, there would be no cause of alarm with regards to changeability, complexity, and invisibility. Despite the fact that the functionality and availability of software components have rapidly increased the need for writing new code has not significantly reduced. As noted by Brooks (1995, p.12), acquiring and using off-the-shelf, open-source or commercial software components may be an easier and a cheaper way of software development, but, an issue of applicability arises. Software components are more generalized and as such may not be ideal in situations where the development of customized software is intended. Therefore, instead of relying on software components, developers are opting to write new code, since they believe that it would guarantee applicability of the software being developed. The need for writing new code has not reduced significantly because of the need to ensure that the software developed confirms with the complexities and needs of systems and institutions that the software will interact with. Software components, being more generalized may not guarantee confor mity, especially with regards to interfaces and functionality. Additionally, changeability is an essential property that defines the quality and value of software. Developing software that can easily be altered to suit functionality needs when needed and when appropriate has today become very important. Some software components may not allow for changeability and, as such, developers opt to write new code rather relying on components since they can easily manipulate and alter the code they have written quickly and easily. In additional to changeability, software components are becoming less popular

Copula, risk modelling and mathematic finance Essay

Copula, risk modelling and mathematic finance - Essay Example People and teams can influence future performance, though the cause and effect relationship lies more in the present than in the past. The ability of investment to produce future returns is fraught with probabilities. The alternative chosen for use of an asset is a matter of deliberation and discretion. It should therefore be possible to value an investment based on the risk-taking nature of the group that controls deployment of the asset. The matter is worth pursuing wherever there is value in predicting future cash flows from an investment, and when the past is known to be of low relevance for conditions in the future. It is also of interest because it could allow for the professional application of modeling to an area of widespread interest and concern amongst all communities of investors. Though a quantile approach can ameliorate the confusing scatter of past events with respect to independent variables, major qualitative changes in their complex inter-relationships can result in the most disruptive discontinuities as we extend past trends in to horizons of the future. There are situations in which statistical validity is inadequate for a decision on a risk with very serious consequences. We need, as far as possible, to create comprehensive scenarios in which the outcome can be reasonably guaranteed if specified conditions are met. The imperatives of a risk management approach will not allow for the degree of uncertainty to which mere smoothing of past variations may be restricted. Legislation, regulation and social pressures from organized groups are different today from their past arraignment. They continue to change as well. We are asked to discontinue things to which we are accustomed, new challenges arise from technology and new opportunities as well. Investments with long gestation are par for many courses, yet the futility of past data grows as we travel ever more distant in to the future. However,

Interventions for Drug Addiction: Case Study

Interventions for Drug Addiction: Case Study 18893 Many attempts have been made to arrive at a universally acceptable definition of addiction and what causes addictive behaviour but the matter still remains unresolved. People often define addiction as drug abuse and misuse. To Krivak (1982,p.83), ‘Addiction will be defined as a behaviour pattern characterised by an ongoing and overwhelming preoccupation with the used of a drug and the securing of its supply.’ This definition could also say the addict is, ‘Someone who is involved with an activity to such an extent that it the major focus of his or her life’, (McAllister et all., 1991,p.5). For my assignment, I have chosen a client within the criminal justice system that has an addiction problem with drug misuse. He has been involved with the criminal justice system because of his offending behaviour relating to illegal drugs. I am basing my assignment on this client. I am going to discuss in my assignment, drug users and the criminal justice system, the psychology of addictive behaviour, Care planning and different options of planning and assessment, the initial referral and the in-depth assessment, methods of intervention and models of care and drug problems in prisons within the criminal justice system. Where there is an addiction to drugs, most drug users at some time or another come into contact with the criminal justice system. This is how my client got involved with the system. Some drug users spend periods of time in prison as a result of drug-related offending behaviour. There is an alternative to custody and these include fines, community service, probation and bail, which is subject to certain conditions such as participation in drug treatment programmes. My client is subject to certain conditions that he participates in a drug treatment programme. Criminal justice orders can be subject to conditions of residence for the offender. For drug service workers, close liaison with practitioners in the criminal justice field of work is normal practice. Joint care plans are carefully and sensitively devised to help both services work with the drug user in collaborative and constructive ways. Criminal justice practitioners are expected to work with offenders to achieve specific objectives and these are not always compatible with drug service objectives, for example, reducing drug-related offending behaviour rather than getting rid of it altogether (Robertson, 1998, p.389). My client has an addiction to drugs. The psychology of the addict involves behaviour that takes a repetitive form and is associated with increases of anxiety. Some behaviours that take a repetitive form are associated with increases or decreases in anxiety and these are considered compulsive behaviours. These types of behaviours can include drug addiction, gambling and exhibitionism. However there are important distinctions between these types of behaviour and action and true compulsive behaviour. Firstly addictive behaviours involve a pleasure-seeking component, which is not in compulsive behaviours. Secondly, the anxiety involved with the performance of criminal activity is appropriate in light of social sanctions. Obsessive-compulsive patients experience anxiety that is inappropriate to the situation (Oltman, 1995,p11). There are different options of planning and assessing with substance misuse offenders in the criminal justice system. For social workers, assessment is a key task and it will determine whether or not a care plan is needed for the offender of if a management service is needed. The NHS and Community Care Act (1990) provides guidance on procedures for assessment for people who are entitled to community care services. The assessment process includes, the initial referral, the initial assessment and the in-depth assessment. The assessment process should be needs led and not service-led. Community care services are greatly in demand and the screening process is used to determine who needs the treatment the most. Drug agencies undertaking assessment may receive referrals from the criminal justice system or other agencies. Basic referral forms are filled in with the details of the service user, such as factors and the reason for referral. My client has been referred from the criminal justice system to a drug agency for assessment. The initial interview with the service user will determine whether or not they need a more in-depth assessment or a formal care plan. Most local authorities have certain criteria and priority levels to which they can base their response on. The service user is told what is involved in the assessment, is told about confidentiality policies and whether or not there will be any participation of others. The service users are told what to do if they want to use complaint procedures or appeal if they are against any decisions made at or after the assessment. The initial assessment will determine the seriousness of the problem and the level of need required. My client has more complex needs with his addiction problems so he would require a more in-depth formal assessment so that a care plan can be made for him. This assessment will include personal details, family and relationships, social details, significant life events, social supports and networks, comprehensive history of addictions and associated problems. The assessment will also include, treatment history, risk behaviour, criminal history and current offending behaviour, financial status, physical health, mental health problems, past and present, self concepts, perceived needs and the level of motivation to address these needs, personal resources and abilities, resources and abilities of partners and carers, other agency assessments and specialist assessments and the conclusions and suggested interventions of the assessment. Robertson (1998,p.376) suggests that care planning should involved developing a package of care, which will meet the client’s needs. Care plans are systematic approaches and include all the care and treatment that will be provided and the desired outcome. Care plans are monitored measured and reviewed and will involve the client, service provider, an assessor and a care manager. The care plan will involve information gathered at the assessment in an easy to monitor format and will illustrate the behaviours that need to be addressed and it will have separate sections for identifying the needs of the problem. Partnerships between the criminal justice system and the treatment agencies direct substance-misusing offenders to the appropriate services. There are many initiatives aimed at encouraging substance misusers to take part in appropriate treatment that will help them. In the UK there are twelve step agencies that are also know as the ‘Minnesota method of treatment’. These agencies are funded through statutory sources. The aim of these agencies is to treat the dependence on drugs to help reduce drug misuse and to help the client give up drugs completely when they feel ready to do so. Three intermediate aims are to help resolve the underlying problems that contribute to drug misuse, to help the client gain more control and minimize harm also known as harm minimization (Keene, 1997,p.223). The Government produced a drug strategy in 1998 in the UK called, ‘Tackling drugs to build a better Britain.’ This was updated again in 2002. The strategy sets out the range of interventions and policies to help reduce harm caused by using illegal drugs by the year 2008. The drug intervention programme used to be known as the criminal justice interventions programme. The government aims to cut crime related to drug use. This strategy uses the criminal justice system to help direct offenders who used drugs out of crime and into treatment. There are different kinds of interventions used by drug service workers. Psychological interventions are very useful when it comes to help treat someone with a drug addiction. Professional psychotherapy is very effective and good quality drug counselling can also be very effective. Psychological interventions are, cognitive behaviour therapy, motivational interviewing, and the twelve-step treatment program that I discussed earlier and relapse prevention. Some people think that complementary and alternative therapies are useful, but there is not enough evidence in the population to back up this claim. The model of care, introduced by the National Treatment agency (NTA), is a framework that is used by Drug Services to ensure that the services provided are consistent and meet the needs of the service user. The framework is categorised by easy to understand tier levels and treatment levels. Tier one, includes primary care by health care professionals and general practitioners that provide medical services along with probation and housing services. Tier two (Open Access Services) offers a range of drop in street agencies that offer advice and support for stimulant users and substance misusers are able to drop in when there is a crisis. Tier three (Community prescribing services) is mostly geared towards opium user. Tier three, (Structured day programmes) are geared into providing education about drug misuse, and provide training for work skills and give advice about practical issues. Tier four, (Residential Care) has different systems in place for entry in different areas for entry in to residential care. The social services community care assessment team usually deal with the funding. Another option for the substance misuse offender is motivation to change. Motivational interviewing is based on using the motivational change model. The model consists of five stages with stage one being the pre-contemplation stage, stage two the contemplation stage, three the action stage, four the maintenance of change and five the relapse stage. Prochaska and DiClemente are two best-known authors on the importance of individual motivation in dependency treatment. The authors developed the motivational change module from their work with smokers. They use a Cognitive behavioural approach method and their interventions are concerned with cognitive and behavioural change (Prochaska and DiClemente, 1983,p.390). The control of drug misuse is a big problem in prisons. People are much more likely to use drugs in prison because of stress, anxiety and boredom. These levels are higher for substance misusers in prison so they would be more likely to take health risks. Drug treatment in prison could be approached the same way, as it is in the community with regimes to reduce drug related harm, rather than prevention. Because of the extent of my client’s addictive behaviour he has had a formal in-depth assessment done so that we can meet his needs. This has resulted in a care plan being made up for so that we can provide services for him and carefully monitor his progress. We have liased with other professional health services and we have had a full mental health assessment done for him. We have considered his past history of using drugs and the amount of offending he has done in the past and the length of time he has been involved in the criminal justice system. We have noticed that he has also had mental health problems in the past and that he suffers from depression. The client did not go into custody this time because of his substance offending behaviour instead he was given a probation order subject to certain conditions that he participate in a drug treatment service. We contacted drug service workers who were happy to help my client as long as he was willing to accept help. My client says that he does want to change his behaviour and put an end to his substance misuse. He has tried in the past to give up but this has always lead to a relapse. After careful consideration and after weighing up all the options of treatment for my client I decided that psychological intervention along with drug therapy was the best way forward to help reduce his drug dependency. I have decided that professional psychotherapy and relapse intervention would be the best option for him because other options have not helped him in the past. We are also going to offer him good quality counselling. My client has told me that spending time in custody has not done him any good. He told me that he gets very depressed when he is inside and this leads to more dependency on drugs. Our goal is to help him stay out of custody and reduce his dependency on drugs. We will continue to monitor, measure and review the clients care plan and see whether or not his dependency and addiction are getting bet ter. As substance service workers our goal is to meets the needs of the service user and in this instance it is to reduce substance addiction and the long term goal is to eradicate substance misuse altogether. In order to intervene effectively where there is addictive behaviour, social workers need to be able to assess and plan appropriate treatment. For my assignment I have chosen a client within the criminal justice system that has an addictive behaviour. He is a drug misuse offender and he has been involved with the criminal justice system for a few years now. I have discussed a bit about the psychology of addictive behaviour and how my client was referred to me through the criminal justice system. I have discussed the methods of assessment and the different options available. I have discussed the most suitable option for my client who I feel has deeper problems to address than some other substance misusers I have encountered. In this instance I felt that my client would benefit from a psychological form of intervention that would include psychotherapy. There are different types of psychotherapy; these are behaviour therapy that helps the client put an end to undesirable habits or certa in fears that they have. Cognitive therapy is a method that tries to show the client that certain thoughts that they are having are not good for them and that they are negative. The therapist will then try to get the client into thinking more positive thoughts in order that the persistence of negative thoughts will eventually fade away. Drug therapy is also called by the name of pharmacotherapy and it is a part of psychotherapy. The approach here with this method of intervention is to calm the person down using certain anti-anxiety drugs so that they permit the other therapies to have effect. The negative side is that sometimes these drugs encourage psychological dependence and the anxiety that was there before might return again. Some addictions such as obsessive – compulsive disorder have been successfully treated using certain antidepressant drugs. The types of interventions I have discussed do not always work for everyone. Social workers need to analyse the situation very carefully and sensitively when working with addictive behaviours. This is because it is a very sensitive area and if treatment goes wrong the client could go back to their old habits of substance misuse and become a part of the drug culture again. The aim is to reduce offending and minimise the number of substance misusers by putting carefully controlled care plans into place to address their needs. The intervention method that was used on my client was very successful and I am happy to say that my client has cured his addictive behaviour. It is important that assessments are done very carefully and to take into consideration all the important facts of the client. It is also important for social workers and other drug service workers to gain the trust of the client because without this there is less change of the client willing to accept treatment. References Barber, J. (2002) Social Work with addictions, 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Keene, J. (1997) Drug Misuse; Prevention, Harm, minimisation and treatment. London: Chapman Hall. Krivanek, J. A. (1982) Drug Problems, People Problems: Causes, Treatment and Prevention, Sydney, Allen Unwin. McAllister, I., Moore, R. and Makkai, T. (1991) Drug users in Australian Society: Patterns, Attitudes and Policies, Melbourne, Longman Cheshire. Oltman, T. F. (1999) Case Studies in Abnormal psychology, New York: Chichester. John Wiley Sons. Prochaska, J. O. and Diclemente, C. C. (1983) Stages and Processes of self-change of smoking: Towards a more integrative model of change. Journal of consulting and Clinical Psychology. Robertson, R. (1998) Management of Drug users in the community, a practical handbook. Arnold publishers.

Macbeth by William Shakespeare :: Papers

Macbeth by William Shakespeare Recently in class we have read and studied one of Shakespeare's most famous plays: Macbeth. I found the language a bit difficult to understand and rather archaic but the themes as relevant as they were when the play was written and set. The play was an intriguing one. Whilst studying the play we were focusing on the main character whom the play was based upon and named after, Macbeth. Having finished the play, I felt a sense of pride and achievement that I have read a Shakespearean play. In this evaluation I wish to consider the accuracy of Malcolm's comment that Macbeth died a "butcher" Macbeth towards the end of the play appeared extremely cold and heartless yet at the beginning was a hero who did have good qualities which is why it was such a tragedy that he turned evil. Macbeth is a very complex character and Shakespeare began by highlighting his good points, portraying him as a decent person thus making us care what happens to him. Macbeth being hailed a hero,(in Act1Sc2) was a well-deserved title. He was a brave and gallant soldier, ironically fighting against traitorous behaviour to the king. We are told in gory detail that he "unseamed" one traitor by ripping him apart with his sword from his navel to his mouth showing his military capability Described as "Belona's bridegroom" by Rosse, Macbeth was being compared with Mars, the Roman God of War a compliment by any standard. This reinforces the bravery and ability of Macbeth and showed that in the context of his times, Macbeth was a first class soldier and admired by many. In fact, to the bitter end Macbeth remains a brave character fighting against all odds when he himself has become the traitor. Another virtue of Macbeth's is that he is held in high regard by the king. On several occasions, King Duncan praises Macbeth going as far as saying on one occasion, " we love him highly". King Duncan obviously held a lot of trust in Macbeth even visiting his castle and

Codes of Ethics Comparative Chart Essay

mplete the following tables to compare several organizations and their guidelines about their responsibilities to their clients, their responsibilities to service providers, their attitudes concerning the duty to warn and the duty to protect, and cultural considerations. Responsibility to Client Organization Responsibility to client National Organization of Human Services (NOHS) Human service professionals respect the integrity and welfare of the client at all times. Each client is treated with respect, acceptance and dignity. American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT) Marriage and family therapists advance the welfare of families and individuals. They respect the rights of those persons seeking their assistance, and make reasonable efforts to ensure that their services are used appropriately. National Association of Social Workers (NASW) Social workers’ primary goal is to help people in need and to address social problems. American Psychological Association (APA) They provide only those services and use only those techniques for which they are qualified by education, training, or experience. American Counseling Association (ACA) The primary responsibility of counselors is to respect the dignity and promote the welfare of clients. Responsibility to Provider Organization Responsibility to provider National Organization of Human Services (NOHS) When a conflict arises between fulfilling the responsibility to the employer and the responsibility to the client, human service professionals advise both of the conflict and work conjointly with all involved to manage the conflict. American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT) Marriage and family therapists respect the rights and responsibilities of professional colleagues and participate in activities that advance the goals of the profession. National Association of Social Workers (NASW) Social workers should provide services and represent themselves as competent only within the boundaries of their education, training, license, certification, consultation received, supervised experience, or other relevant professional experience. American Psychological Association (APA) Psychologists uphold professional standards of conduct, clarify their professional roles and obligations, accept appropriate responsibility for their behavior, and adapt their methods to the needs of different populations American Counseling Association (ACA) Counselors accept employment only for positions for which they are qualified given their education, training, supervised experience, state and national professional credentials, and appropriate professional experience. Counselors hire for professional counseling positions only individuals who are qualified and competent for those positions. Attitudes Concerning the Duty to Warn and the Duty to Protect Organization Attitudes concerning the duty to warn and the duty to protect National Organization of Human Services (NOHS) If it is suspected that danger or harm may occur to the client or to others as a result of a client’s behavior, the human service professional acts in an appropriate and professional manner to protect the safety of those individuals. This may involve seeking consultation, supervision, and/or breaking the confidentiality of the relationship. American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT) Marriage and family therapists comply with applicable laws regarding the reporting of alleged unethical conduct. National Association of Social Workers (NASW) Social workers should have the best interest if their client at all times, and should report any alleged abuse or unethical behavior for the safety of the client. American Psychological Association (APA) Psychologists take reasonable steps to avoid harming their patients or clients, research participants, students, and others with whom they work, and to minimize harm where it is foreseeable and unavoidable American Counseling Association (ACA) Counselors act to avoid harming their clients, trainees, and research participants and to minimize or to remedy unavoidable or unanticipated harm. Cultural Considerations Organization Cultural considerations National Organization of Human Services (NOHS) Human service professionals are knowledgeable about the cultures and communities within which they practice. They are aware of multiculturalism in society and its impact on the community as well as individuals within the community. They respect individuals and groups, their cultures and beliefs. American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT) Marriage and family therapists provide professional assistance to persons without  discrimination on the basis of race, age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, disability, gender, health status, religion, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity or relationship status. National Association of Social Workers (NASW) Social workers should obtain education about and seek to understand the nature of social diversity and oppression with respect to race, ethnicity, national origin, color, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, age, marital status, political belief, religion, immigration status, and mental or physical disability. American Psychological Association (APA) Psychologists are aware of cultural, individual, and role differences, including those due to age, gender, race, ethnicity, national origin, religion, sexual orientation, disability, language, and socioeconomic status. Psychologists try to eliminate the effect on their work of biases based on those factors, and they do not knowingly participate in or condone unfair discriminatory practices. American Counseling Association (ACA) Counselor educators actively infuse multicultural/diversity competency in their training and supervision practices. They actively train students to gain awareness, knowledge, and skills in the competencies of multicultural practice.

Free Essays on Old Man In The Sea

The Old Man and the Sea is a novella that was written in 1952 by Ernest Hemingway. It is a story that initially makes you think that the author was drunk while he was writing it. How can a book about a man fishing for Marlin become a Nobel Prize Winner? Meaning. By looking into the book and reading between the lines, we can see that in fact The Old Man and the Sea is a complex story, and is well deserving of such an award. I think the meaning of the book is that of life. If you take all of the objects in the book and relate it to life, it is possible to distinguish a giant metaphor that spans the whole novella. Through the use of symbols and the fact that we know the book is operating on a poetic level, and is not meant to be taken literally, we can determine our own version of what Hemingway intended as the meaning. One of the symbols constantly mentioned in the story is that of the great baseball player JoeDiMaggio. Although it is not apparent without careful study of the text, it can be seen that the â€Å"Great DiMaggio† was a simple fisherman in early life, much like the old man, and achieved stardom despite adversity. The old man has this great battle with an enormous fish, and throughout the whole ordeal, he constantly reassures himself by saying that â€Å"the Great DiMaggio† would have been able to pull through this. Just as DiMaggio managed to struggle through the pain of a bone spur, the old man was able to struggle through the pain of his hands, and his immense adversity in the fish. Referring to the meaning, we can see that this relates to life in that we can always struggle through what is painful, so long as we stick to our principles and our guidances. The other fishermen had called the old man unlucky, because he had not caught a fish for many days. This is reflected in the sail of the boat. The sail was """"patched with flour sacks and, furled, it looked like the flag of permanent defeat"""" (Pg. 5). Yet, when un... Free Essays on Old Man In The Sea Free Essays on Old Man In The Sea The Old Man and the Sea is a novella that was written in 1952 by Ernest Hemingway. It is a story that initially makes you think that the author was drunk while he was writing it. How can a book about a man fishing for Marlin become a Nobel Prize Winner? Meaning. By looking into the book and reading between the lines, we can see that in fact The Old Man and the Sea is a complex story, and is well deserving of such an award. I think the meaning of the book is that of life. If you take all of the objects in the book and relate it to life, it is possible to distinguish a giant metaphor that spans the whole novella. Through the use of symbols and the fact that we know the book is operating on a poetic level, and is not meant to be taken literally, we can determine our own version of what Hemingway intended as the meaning. One of the symbols constantly mentioned in the story is that of the great baseball player JoeDiMaggio. Although it is not apparent without careful study of the text, it can be seen that the â€Å"Great DiMaggio† was a simple fisherman in early life, much like the old man, and achieved stardom despite adversity. The old man has this great battle with an enormous fish, and throughout the whole ordeal, he constantly reassures himself by saying that â€Å"the Great DiMaggio† would have been able to pull through this. Just as DiMaggio managed to struggle through the pain of a bone spur, the old man was able to struggle through the pain of his hands, and his immense adversity in the fish. Referring to the meaning, we can see that this relates to life in that we can always struggle through what is painful, so long as we stick to our principles and our guidances. The other fishermen had called the old man unlucky, because he had not caught a fish for many days. This is reflected in the sail of the boat. The sail was """"patched with flour sacks and, furled, it looked like the flag of permanent defeat"""" (Pg. 5). Yet, when un...

Peter The Czar essays

Peter The Czar essays Peter was only ten years old when he ascended to the throne. He played only a ceremonial role along with Ivan. The real regent to take the throne was Ivan's sister, Sophia . Sophia was a very intelligent woman. She did not spend her days sewing gold thread around crosses the way her mother had, but dabbled in politics during her uncle's short reign . She began very slowly at first but then became an aggressive politician. She liked to test just how far she could press the limits set by society. She new that her brother Ivan would not be capable of ruling and she feared the very thought of Peter taking control. Being an ambitious woman, Sophia decided to use her brother as an instrument to gain all the power for herself. She knew that whoever controlled the Czar's bodyguard's had the power. She very cleverly spread false rumors about Peter's family, including one stating that the Naryshkin's had strangled Ivan. This of course was not even remotely true, but the Czars' guards did not know the real condition of Ivan. Thay grabbed their pikes and muskets and marched to the Kremlin to avenge Ivan's death. Natalia met the soldiers holding onto each of the young Czars' hands. The guards looked upon both boys in bewilderment and slowly retreated. This escapade frightened Natalia a great deal. She moved Peter to the village of Preobrazhenskoe where she thought he would be safe. This left Sophia as regent in Moscow while Natalia ruled from outside the city. While living at Preobrazhenskoe, Peter developed an intense interest in the military. He organized his own military units, the Preobrazhensky and the Semenovsky regiments. These groups were later transformed into the first imperial guards. Peter not only organized the regiments, but he also participated in them. He finally began to show signs that he was going to be a different kind of Czar. He did not place himself at the top as most Czar's did, instead he enlisted as the drummer boy a...

Humanities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Humanities - Essay Example The passage itself is situated almost directly after Anna finishes speaking to Dido and is relayed by the narrator. The passage is highly complex as multitudes of competing meanings are occurring. The narrator begins, â€Å"Across the city/ She wanders in her frenzy–even as a heedless hind hit by an arrow when a shepherd drives for game.† Here the narrator is comparing Dido to a sheep that has been struck by an arrow. This is significant as one of the major themes of the Aeneid is the force of the god’s on human existence, and by using the arrow as a element of love, Virgil is showing that Dido’s ‘frenzy’ isn’t necessarily of her own doing. Indeed, Juno has conspired to bring Aeneas and Dido together to forestall Aeneas’ journey to Italy, and has made Dido an unknowing volunteer in the ploy. However, the passage continues, â€Å"with darts among the Cretan woods and, unawares, from far leaves the winging steel inside her flesh.† In this regard, one must consider that Aeneas, rather than Juno or Cupid, is the shepherd that has wounded Dido, as Aeneas is the most ‘unaware(s)’ of the lasting effect has had on Dido. In this sense, one must consider a passage from book two when Aeneas is watching the Greek’s ravage Troy and compares himself to a shepherd, When among standing corn a spark falls with a fierce south wind to fan it, or the impetuous stream of a mountain torrent sweeps the fields, sweeps the joyous crops and the bollocks’ toil, and drives the woods headlong before, in perplexed amazement a shepherd takes in the crash from a rock’s tall summit. In this regard Aeneas is the shepherd watching the in amazement as nature takes its toll symbolically on the fields – literally Troy. The different positions – Dido as sheep and Aeneas as shepherd – are significant as it demonstrates Aeneas steadfast resistance to outside factors that might hinder his path toward Italy.

How can we evolve through virtual augmentation Coursework

How can we evolve through virtual augmentation - Coursework Example Michael & Washburn outlines that technology is an improvement that is made on an already existing idea. Technology has greatly improved the intellectual and physical capability of human beings and has changed their lives, as well. The evolution of mankind has also changed people's attitudes, perceptions, and even lifestyle. For instance, life during the 18th century is very different from that of the 20th and 21st century. The main reason for this is because of people's needs, taste, and preference keep changing as the result of innovations and developments. According to Michael & Washburn, Change in worldviews is also evidence that mankind keeps evolving. In the ancient period, people always understood that they had a role to play in the society and everything they did was for the community. A child belonged to the community, and it was, therefore, the responsibility of every member of the community to take care of them. However, in the current society, individualism is the way of l ife and people seek to develop themselves rather than the society as a whole. Science fiction also has a role to play in man's evolution, and most innovations and inventions are attributed to science fiction. Science fiction has brought out the creativity in mankind as it prompted them to carry out experiments to prove the scientific concepts. In the process of carrying out these experiments, many other discoveries have been made some, which have been beneficial, and some harmful to mankind.